This paper integrates Qur’anic revelation with contemporary scientific understanding of reproductive physiology, highlighting remarkable harmony between divine description and modern embryology. Beginning with the first revelation, the Qur’an outlines sequential stages of human development—from the nutfa and ‘alaqa to the emergence of male and female (zawjayn). The Qur’an describes phenotypic sex differentiation after implantation and proportioning, consistent with the modern concept that although genotypic sex is fixed at fertilization, the embryonic gonads remain bipotential until day 24 of development. Scientific evidence—including the author’s earlier work and recent findings by Nef et al.—confirms that bipotential gonads can develop into testes or ovaries depending on the presence or absence of the Y-linked Sry gene. This article also links embryogenesis to broader spiritual concepts such as ensoulment, the three layers of human age (body, genome, and soul), and the Qur’anic understanding of human dignity and purpose. By integrating divine guidance with biological science, this work provides students, researchers, and the public with a holistic view of human creation, reproductive physiology, and the precision of Allah’s design.
Keywords: Qur’an; Embryogenesis; Reproductive Physiology; Bipotential Gonads; Sry Gene; Sex Differentiation; Human Creation; Ensoulment; Genetics; Theriogenology; Islam and Science; Developmental Biology; Organogenesis. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.22486.51521